World Wheat Facts and Trends 1995/96

Western Europe, North America, and Other High-Income Countries PRODUCERS
        Belgium/      
    Australia Austria Luxembourg Canada Denmark Finland
  General indicators            
1 Estimated population, 1995 (million) 18.1 8.1 10.5 29.5 5.2 5.1
2 Estimated growth rate of population,            
  1993-2000 (%/yr) 1.3 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.4
3 Per capita income 1994 (US $) 18000 24630 23513 19510 27970 18850
4 Average per capita cereal production,            
  1993-95 (kg/yr) 1278 544 219 1692 1599 660
5 Growth rate of per capita cereal production, 1985-95 (%/yr) -2 -3.1 -0.3 -1.2 0.4 0
               
  Production of wheat and all cereals            
6 Average wheat area harvested,            
  1993-95 (000 ha) 8746 246 216 11489 605 96
7 Average wheat yield, 1993-95 (t/ha) 1.6 4.8 7 2.2 6.9 3.7
8 Average wheat production 1993-95 (000 t) 14002 1191 1513 25262 4160 358
9 Growth rate of wheat area 1951-66 (%) 5.1 2.5 1 1.1 4.2 5.2
10 Growth rate of wheat area 1966-77 (%) 0.2 -1.1 -1.2 -1 2.3 -2.4
11 Growth rate of wheat area 1977-1985 (%) 2.4 1.9 0 4.2 15.1 4.7
12 Growth rate of wheat area 1985-95 (%) -2.5 -3.2 1.3 -2 7 -5.8
13 Growth rate of wheat yield 1951-66 (%) 1 2.3 1.3 0.3 1 1.3
14 Growth rate of wheat yield 1966-77 (%) 0 2.4 2.5 1.7 1.2 3.3
15 Growth rate of wheat yield 1977-85 (%) 2 3.6 4.6 -0.9 3.7 5.5
16 Growth rate of wheat yield 1985-95 (%) 1.1 0.7 1.2 2.6 1.4 3.2
17 Growth rate of wheat production, 1951-66 (%) 6.2 4.9 2.3 1.4 5.2 6.5
18 Growth rate of wheat production, 1966-77 (%) 0.2 1.3 1.3 0.7 3.6 0.9
19 Growth rate of wheat production, 1977-85 (%) 4.4 5.4 4.6 3.3 18.8 10.1
20 Growth rate of wheat production, 1985-95 (%) -1.4 -2.5 2.4 0.6 8.5 -2.7
21 Wheat area as percent of total cereal area (average), 1993-95 (%) 64 30 62 62 42 10
22 Average yield of all cereals, 1993-95 (t/ha) 1.7 5.3 6.6 2.7 5.8 3.5
23 Growth rate of yield of all cereals,            
  1951-95 (%/yr) 1.1 2.8 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.9
               
  Trade and utilization            
24 Average net imports of wheat, 1992-94 (000 t) -10202 -348 448 -21278 -820 -45
25 Average net imports of wheat per capita,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) -579 -44 43 -738 -158 -9
26 Average per capita wheat consumption,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) 147 115 144 269 513 79
27 Growth rate of per capita wheat consumption, 1985-94 (%/yr) -3.5 -0.7 -0.3 1.5 5.6 -2.6
               
  Prices and input use            
28 Percent of total wheat area under semidwarf wheat varieties, 1994 91 … … 3 100 …
29 Nitrogen applied per hectare of wheat harvested, 1993-94 (kg nutrients/ha) 8 … … 36 165 …
30 Farm prices of wheat, 1993-94 (US $/ton) 99 … … 110 176 …
31 Ratio of farm level nitrogen price to wheat price, 1993-94 5.5 … … 3.9 4 …
32 Farm wage in kg of wheat per day, 1993-94 511 … … 439 667 …



Western Europe, North America, and Other High-Income Countries (cont'd) PRODUCERS
    France Germany Greece* Ireland Italy Netherlands
  General indicators            
1 Estimated population, 1995 (million) 58 81.6 10.5 3.6 57.2 15.5
2 Estimated growth rate of population,            
  1993-2000 (%/yr) 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0 0.6
3 Per capita income 1994 (US $) 23420 25580 7700 13530 19300 22010
4 Average per capita cereal production,            
  1993-95 (kg/yr) 939 458 475 471 340 95
5 Growth rate of per capita cereal production, 1985-95 (%/yr) -0.1 -0.4 -0.6 -2.2 0.9 2
               
  Production of wheat and all cereals            
6 Average wheat area harvested,            
  1993-95 (000 ha) 4612 2472 883 75 2383 126
7 Average wheat yield, 1993-95 (t/ha) 6.6 6.8 2.5 7.6 3.4 8.6
8 Average wheat production 1993-95 (000 t) 30226 16688 2187 566 8095 1076
9 Growth rate of wheat area 1951-66 (%) 0.1 1.5 1.5 -4.3 -0.8 5.1
10 Growth rate of wheat area 1966-77 (%) 0.4 2.1 -2 -4.7 -2.9 -2.3
11 Growth rate of wheat area 1977-1985 (%) 2.7 0.2 -1 6.2 0.1 1
12 Growth rate of wheat area 1985-95 (%) -0.4 0.5 -0.1 1.5 -3.1 0.7
13 Growth rate of wheat yield 1951-66 (%) 3.4 1.4 2.8 2.1 1.8 1.3
14 Growth rate of wheat yield 1966-77 (%) 2.6 1.6 3.1 1.4 1 2.2
15 Growth rate of wheat yield 1977-85 (%) 3.8 3.4 -0.1 4.8 2.3 3.4
16 Growth rate of wheat yield 1985-95 (%) 1.6 1.6 0.4 2.4 2.5 2.2
17 Growth rate of wheat production, 1951-66 (%) 3.5 2.9 4.3 -2.2 1 6.4
18 Growth rate of wheat production, 1966-77 (%) 3 3.7 1.1 -3.3 -1.9 -0.1
19 Growth rate of wheat production, 1977-85 (%) 6.5 3.6 -1.1 11 2.4 4.4
20 Growth rate of wheat production, 1985-95 (%) 1.3 2 0.4 3.8 -0.6 2.9
21 Wheat area as percent of total cereal area (average), 1993-95 (%) 55 39 66 27 58 66
22 Average yield of all cereals, 1993-95 (t/ha) 6.5 5.9 3.7 6.2 4.7 7.7
23 Growth rate of yield of all cereals, 3.2 2.2 3.2 2.4 2.3 2.3
  1951-95 (%/yr)            
               
  Trade and utilization            
24 Average net imports of wheat, 1992-94 (000 t) -18073 -4108 -606 199 3325 1235
25 Average net imports of wheat per capita,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) -314 -51 -58 56 58 81
26 Average per capita wheat consumption,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) 242 153 168 236 182 117
27 Growth rate of per capita wheat consumption, 1985-94 (%/yr) 1.2 -2.2 -0.3 1.2 -1.1 0.4
               
  Prices and input use            
28 Percent of total wheat area under semidwarf wheat varieties, 1994 98 98 … 100 88 100
29 Nitrogen applied per hectare of wheat harvested, 1993-94 (kg nutrients/ha) 160 150 … 180 100 180
30 Farm prices of wheat, 1993-94 (US $/ton) 143 164 … 192 236 175
31 Ratio of farm level nitrogen price to wheat price, 1993-94 4.3 4.3 … 4.6 3.2 3.1
32 Farm wage in kg of wheat per day, 1993-94 366 462 … … 455 484
               

* Greece is an upper middle-income country but is included here
  for greater geographical consistency with previous Wheat Facts and Trends.

Western Europe, North America, and Other High-Income Countries (cont'd) PRODUCERS
    New         United
    Zealand Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Kingdom
  General indicators            
1 Estimated population, 1995 (million) 3.6 4.4 39.6 8.8 7.2 58.5
2 Estimated growth rate of population,            
  1993-2000 (%/yr) 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.9 0.3
3 Per capita income 1994 (US $) 13350 26390 13440 23530 37930 18340
4 Average per capita cereal production,            
  1993-95 (kg/yr) 235 316 373 552 177 351
5 Growth rate of per capita cereal production, 1985-95 (%/yr) -4.3 0.8 -4.7 -2.7 1.5 -1.4
               
  Production of wheat and all cereals            
6 Average wheat area harvested,            
  1993-95 (000 ha) 39 69 2031 268 104 1810
7 Average wheat yield, 1993-95 (t/ha) 6 4.8 2 5.8 5.8 7.5
8 Average wheat production 1993-95 (000 t) 232 336 4078 1548 596 13535
9 Growth rate of wheat area 1951-66 (%) 5.6 -13 -0.2 -3.4 0.8 0.2
10 Growth rate of wheat area 1966-77 (%) -2 20.8 -4.5 4.9 -2 2.5
11 Growth rate of wheat area 1977-1985 (%) -4.4 7.7 -2.7 -0.5 1.1 6.9
12 Growth rate of wheat area 1985-95 (%) -8.4 5.9 -0.5 -1.4 1 -1
13 Growth rate of wheat yield 1951-66 (%) 1.6 2.4 1.1 4.3 1.4 2.8
14 Growth rate of wheat yield 1966-77 (%) -0.1 2.7 2.4 2.4 1.3 1.6
15 Growth rate of wheat yield 1977-85 (%) 3.2 2.7 5.3 3.4 4.7 4.4
16 Growth rate of wheat yield 1985-95 (%) 4.5 1.6 -3.4 1.4 0.7 2.2
17 Growth rate of wheat production, 1951-66 (%) 7.1 -10.6 0.9 0.9 2.2 3
18 Growth rate of wheat production, 1966-77 (%) -2.1 23.4 -2.1 7.3 -0.7 4.1
19 Growth rate of wheat production, 1977-85 (%) -1.1 10.5 2.6 2.9 5.8 11.3
20 Growth rate of wheat production, 1985-95 (%) -3.9 7.5 -3.9 0.1 1.7 1.2
21 Wheat area as percent of total cereal area (average), 1993-95 (%) 27 20 31 24 50 59
22 Average yield of all cereals, 1993-95 (t/ha) 5.7 3.9 2.3 4.4 6.1 6.7
23 Growth rate of yield of all cereals, 1.8 1.4 2.3 2 2.1 2.3
  1951-95 (%/yr)            
               
  Trade and utilization            
24 Average net imports of wheat, 1992-94 (000 t) 199 281 758 -177 236 -2521
25 Average net imports of wheat per capita,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) 57 65 19 -20 33 -43
26 Average per capita wheat consumption,            
  1992-94 (kg/yr) 110 116 131 165 121 177
27 Growth rate of per capita wheat consumption, 1985-94 (%/yr) 0.6 0.1 -1.1 4.7 -0.3 -1.5
               
  Prices and input use            
28 Percent of total wheat area under semidwarf wheat varieties, 1994 … … 88 95 100 95
29 Nitrogen applied per hectare of wheat harvested, 1993-94 (kg nutrients/ha) … … 135 124 140 175
30 Farm prices of wheat, 1993-94 (US $/ton) … … 199 143 … 185
31 Ratio of farm level nitrogen price to wheat price, 1993-94 … … 2.3 … … 2.5
32 Farm wage in kg of wheat per day, 1993-94 … … 154 500 … 354



Western Europe, North America, and Other High-Income Countries (cont'd) PRODUCERS CONSUMERS Regional
    USA Israel Japan Portugal average
  General indicators          
1 Estimated population, 1995 (million) 263.3 5.5 125.1 9.8 843.3
2 Estimated growth rate of population,          
  1993-2000 (%/yr) 0.9 2.1 0.2 0 0.6
3 Per capita income 1994 (US $) 25880 14530 34630 9320 24288
4 Average per capita cereal production,          
  1993-95 (kg/yr) 1142 36 107 149 682
5 Growth rate of per capita cereal production, 1985-95 (%/yr) -0.8 -3.9 -2 -0.8 -0.7
             
  Production of wheat and all cereals          
6 Average wheat area harvested,          
  1993-95 (000 ha) 25020 85 165 248 61794
7 Average wheat yield, 1993-95 (t/ha) 2.5 2.2 3.6 1.5 3.1
8 Average wheat production 1993-95 (000 t) 62628 187 594 381 189458
9 Growth rate of wheat area 1951-66 (%) -1.9 4.4 -2.8 -1.3 -0.1
10 Growth rate of wheat area 1966-77 (%) 3.1 1.6 -17.2 -4.3 0.6
11 Growth rate of wheat area 1977-1985 (%) 0.7 -1.1 12 0 1.8
12 Growth rate of wheat area 1985-95 (%) 0.3 -0.4 -5.2 -2.4 -0.8
13 Growth rate of wheat yield 1951-66 (%) 3.3 5.9 0.8 -1.2 2.2
14 Growth rate of wheat yield 1966-77 (%) 1.1 3.8 0.2 2.8 1.6
15 Growth rate of wheat yield 1977-85 (%) 3 -1.6 1.4 7.5 2.7
16 Growth rate of wheat yield 1985-95 (%) 0.5 0.9 0.1 -0.7 1.5
17 Growth rate of wheat production, 1951-66 (%) 1.4 10.3 -2 -2.5 2.1
18 Growth rate of wheat production, 1966-77 (%) 4.2 5.4 -17 -1.6 2.2
19 Growth rate of wheat production, 1977-85 (%) 3.7 -2.7 13.5 7.6 4.5
20 Growth rate of wheat production, 1985-95 (%) 0.8 0.5 -5.1 -3.1 0.7
21 Wheat area as percent of total cereal area (average), 1993-95 (%) 41 84 7 35 47
22 Average yield of all cereals, 1993-95 (t/ha) 4.8 1.9 5.5 2.1 4.3
23 Growth rate of yield of all cereals,          
  1951-95 (%/yr) 2.4 2.1 1.2 2.2 2.1
             
  Trade and utilization          
24 Average net imports of wheat, 1992-94 (000 t) -32749 1019 5618 926 -75695
25 Average net imports of wheat per capita,          
  1992-94 (kg/yr) -127 193 45 94 -91
26 Average per capita wheat consumption,          
  1992-94 (kg/yr) 125 262 54 125 142
27 Growth rate of per capita wheat consumption, 1985-94 (%/yr) 0.7 8.3 0.8 1.5 0.1
             
  Prices and input use          
28 Percent of total wheat area under semidwarf wheat varieties, 1994 45 … … 91 56
29 Nitrogen applied per hectare of wheat harvested, 1993-94 (kg nutrients/ha) 175 … … 100 117
30 Farm prices of wheat, 1993-94 (US $/ton) 124 … … 187 …
31 Ratio of farm level nitrogen price to wheat price, 1993-94 3.5 … … 4.1 …
32 Farm wage in kg of wheat per day, 1993-94 409 … … 196 …

© CIMMYT

Selected Wheat Statistics